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Strategic Asset Allocation, the Endowment Model and the Growing Importance of Private Markets in Portfolios

The investment landscape has evolved significantly over the years, with a plethora of investment vehicles and strategies at the disposal of investors. One of the most critical aspects of investing is the process of asset allocation, which involves distributing investment capital across various asset classes to achieve a desired return while managing risk. Strategic asset allocation (SAA) is a long-term approach to portfolio construction that aims to create an optimal mix of assets to achieve a specific investment goal.

In recent years, the endowment model, which is popularized by prominent university endowments like Yale and Harvard, has gained traction among investors. This model places a significant emphasis on alternative investments and private markets to enhance returns and diversification. In this blog post, we will delve into the world of strategic asset allocation, the endowment model, and the growing importance of private markets in investment portfolios.

STRATEGIC ASSET ALLOCATION • ENDOWMENT MODEL • PRIVATE MARKETS

Strategic Asset Allocation: A Long-Term Investment Blueprint

Strategic asset allocation (SAA) is a long-term investment framework that provides investors with a guideline for distributing their investments across various asset classes. The primary goal of SAA is to achieve a specific investment objective while managing risk within a portfolio. The process of developing a strategic asset allocation involves determining the target weights for each asset class based on factors such as risk tolerance, investment horizon, and return expectations. The key components of an SAA include:

  1. Risk Tolerance: The investor’s willingness to accept volatility and potential losses in pursuit of their investment goals.
  2. Investment Horizon: The time frame over which the investor plans to achieve their financial goals.
  3. Return Expectations: The anticipated returns from various asset classes, based on historical performance and future projections.

Once an investor has established their strategic asset allocation, they can periodically rebalance their portfolio to maintain the desired allocation weights. This approach can help investors remain disciplined and focused on their long-term goals, even during periods of market volatility.

The Endowment Model: Embracing Alternative Investments

The endowment model, pioneered by Yale’s chief investment officer David Swensen, is an investment strategy that prioritizes a higher allocation to assets such as private equity, venture capital, private infrastructure, private real estate, private debt and hedge funds, compared to traditional stock and bond investments.

The primary advantages of the endowment model include:

  1. Enhanced Diversification: The inclusion of alternative investments and private market assets can help reduce portfolio risk by providing exposure to different sources of return.
  2. Improved Return Potential: Alternative investments, such as private infrastructure, private real estate, private equity and venture capital, have the potential to generate higher returns compared to traditional investments. 
  3. Inflation Protection: Investments in real assets, such as real estate, infrastructure and natural resources, can help protect portfolios against inflation.
  4. Reduced Volatility: Some alternative investments, like infrastructure assets, may have lower correlations with traditional asset classes, which can help reduce overall portfolio volatility.

The endowment model has been successful for many large institutional investors, but the high minimum investment requirements and ability to source and diligence these opportunities has been an impediment to getting these strategies in retail investor portfolios. This is why we created Citizen Mint, providing an all-in-one solution by offering easy access to a curated list of vetted private market opportunities at low minimums while utilizing technology to reduce the operational burdens of investing in private markets. 

The Importance of Private Markets

Private markets have become an increasingly important component of investment portfolios in recent years, as investors seek to diversify their holdings and capture potential higher returns. However, weighting private markets in a portfolio can be a complex and nuanced process. Here are some key considerations to keep in mind when determining how to weight private markets in a portfolio:

Determine the Investment Objectives of the Individual: The first step in weighting private markets in a portfolio is to determine an individual’s investment objectives. Private market investments can offer higher returns than traditional public markets, but they also come with higher risk. Therefore, it is important to understand your risk tolerance and investment goals before determining how much of your portfolio to allocate to private markets. 

Consider the Time Horizon: Another important consideration when weighting private markets in a portfolio is the investor’s time horizon. Private market investments are generally illiquid and have longer holding periods than public market investments. Therefore, if you have a short-term investment horizon, you may want to allocate less to private markets or avoid them altogether.

Assess the Risk Tolerance: Private market investments have historically been considered riskier than public market investments as some can be subject to less regulation and have less transparency. That said, the risk in private markets is highly dependent on the asset class, the capabilities of the asset manager, the underlying diversification of the fund, and the ability to have a fund professionally diligenced to assess the capabilities and quality of the manager. This last point is incredibly important and is a key benefit of utilizing Citizen Mint given our team experience in the diligencing these investments.

Diversification: Diversification is a key consideration when weighting private markets in a portfolio. In general, private market provide significant diversification to an investors portfolio given their low correlation with stocks and bonds. This can reduce volatility of the portfolio over time and enhance returns during difficult periods in the traditional stock and bond markets.

In conclusion, strategic asset allocation and allocation to private markets in portfolios are essential components of a well-rounded investment strategy. By taking the time to understand the nuances of these approaches and tailoring them to one’s individual risk tolerance, investment horizon, and investment objectives, investors can optimize their portfolios and maximize their chances of achieving long-term financial success.

Learn about our investment philosophy and process by downloading our white paper.

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